A hammertoe deformity causes one of the smaller toes to bend at its middle joint instead of lying flat. The second toe is affected most frequently, although the condition can develop in other toes. It begins when the muscles and tendons that control the toe become unbalanced. This imbalance pulls the toe into an abnormal position. Possible causes include an inherited foot structure, a previous injury, or arthritis. A bunion can also push against the second toe and increase the risk of hammertoe. The joint can remain flexible at first but can later become stiff and fixed in place.

Symptoms usually develop when the bent toe rubs against the inside of a shoe. Patients can experience pain, redness, and swelling around the raised joint. A corn can form on top of the toe, while a callus can develop beneath the front of the foot. These thickened areas of skin result from repeated pressure and friction. Pain can become worse while walking or when wearing shoes with a narrow toe box. A podiatrist can examine the toe, test its flexibility, and check for related problems. Weight-bearing X-rays can show the position of the bones and the severity of the deformity.

Treatment depends on whether the toe is flexible or rigid and how much discomfort it causes. A podiatrist can recommend shoes with a deep, wide toe box to reduce pressure. Custom orthotics can improve the way weight is spread across the foot. Professional padding or splinting can also protect irritated skin and help position a flexible toe. The podiatrist can safely treat painful corns and calluses without damaging healthy tissue. Early care can help prevent increasing stiffness, skin sores, and continued pain. If you are in pain from a hammertoe deformity, it is suggested that you schedule an appointment with a podiatrist for a diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Hammertoes can be a painful condition to live with. For more information, contact Ahmad Elsamad, DPM of The Institute of Foot & Ankle Reconstructive Surgery . Our doctor will answer any of your foot- and ankle-related questions.

Hammertoe

Hammertoe is a foot deformity that occurs due to an imbalance in the muscles, tendons, or ligaments that normally hold the toe straight. It can be caused by the type of shoes you wear, your foot structure, trauma, and certain disease processes.

Symptoms

• Painful and/or difficult toe movement
• Swelling
• Joint stiffness
• Calluses/Corns
• Physical deformity

Risk Factors

• Age – The risk of hammertoe increases with age
• Sex – Women are more likely to have hammertoe compared to men
• Toe Length – You are more likely to develop hammertoe if your second toe is longer than your big toe
• Certain Diseases – Arthritis and diabetes may make you more likely to develop hammertoe

Treatment

If you have hammertoe, you should change into a more comfortable shoe that provides enough room for your toes. Exercises such as picking up marbles may strengthen and stretch your toe muscles. Nevertheless, it is important to seek assistance from a podiatrist in order to determine the severity of your hammertoe and see which treatment option will work best for you.

If you have any questions, please feel free to contact our offices located in Merrillville, and Munster, IN . We offer the newest diagnostic and treatment technologies for all your foot care needs.